Hepatitis

Hepatitis is the inflammation of the liver, which can result from viral infections, alcohol abuse, autoimmune disorders, medications, or exposure to certain toxins. It may present as an acute condition (short-term) or progress to chronic hepatitis (long-term), potentially causing severe liver damage, cirrhosis, or liver failure if left untreated.

The most common causes include viral infections such as Hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. Chronic liver disease is most frequently linked to Hepatitis B and C. Excessive alcohol consumption, certain medications, metabolic disorders, and autoimmune conditions can also contribute to liver inflammation.

Symptoms often include jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes), fatigue, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, dark urine, pale stools, abdominal pain, and fever. Chronic hepatitis may remain symptom-free until significant liver damage has occurred, making regular check-ups important.

Treatment varies depending on the type and cause of hepatitis. Hepatitis A and E often resolve with supportive care, while Hepatitis B and C may require antiviral medications to prevent complications. Severe cases may necessitate liver transplantation. For alcohol-induced hepatitis, abstinence and medical management are essential for recovery.

Preventive measures include vaccination for Hepatitis A and B, practicing good hygiene, avoiding contaminated food and water, and taking precautions during sexual activity. Avoiding the sharing of needles or personal items that may carry bloodborne infections also helps reduce risk. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle, limiting alcohol intake, and undergoing regular liver function tests further support liver health and help prevent complications.

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