Total knee replacement

Overview:
Total Knee Replacement (TKR) is a surgical procedure designed to replace the damaged or worn-out parts of the knee joint with artificial components, known as prostheses. It is primarily performed to relieve chronic pain and restore mobility in patients suffering from severe arthritis, osteoarthritis, or degenerative joint disease. During the surgery, the damaged surfaces of the femur, tibia, and occasionally the patella are removed and replaced with components made of metal, plastic, or ceramic to replicate the function of a healthy knee.

Causes:
Osteoarthritis is the most common cause of knee joint deterioration requiring TKR, as it leads to progressive cartilage breakdown. Other conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, post-traumatic arthritis, and previous knee injuries can also result in joint degeneration. Factors including age, obesity, genetic predisposition, and a history of knee trauma increase the likelihood of needing knee replacement surgery.

Symptoms:
Patients who may require TKR often experience persistent knee pain that does not respond to medications, physical therapy, or injections. Other signs include swelling, stiffness, limited range of motion, instability, and difficulty performing everyday activities like walking, climbing stairs, or bending the knee.

Treatment:
TKR is usually performed under general anesthesia and takes one to two hours. The procedure involves removing the damaged knee surfaces and implanting prosthetic components to restore proper function. The surgery can be carried out using traditional open methods or minimally invasive techniques, depending on the patient’s condition. Postoperative care includes pain management, physical therapy, and gradual weight-bearing exercises to enhance recovery and regain mobility.

Precautions:
Patients should consult an orthopedic surgeon to evaluate their overall health and suitability for surgery. Preoperative preparations may involve blood tests, imaging studies, and assessment of existing medical conditions. Following surgery, adherence to a structured rehabilitation program, including exercises to strengthen the knee, avoiding high-impact activities, and maintaining a healthy weight, is essential for prolonging the lifespan of the artificial joint.

Prevention:
Although some risk factors cannot be avoided, maintaining a healthy weight, engaging in regular low-impact exercise, and avoiding repetitive knee strain can reduce the likelihood of severe joint damage. Proper footwear, prompt treatment of knee injuries, and early management of knee pain can also help delay the need for surgical intervention.

For expert Total Knee Replacement services, visit  Medlife Research & Trauma Center. The hospital provides advanced diagnostics, state-of-the-art surgical procedures, comprehensive postoperative rehabilitation, and round-the-clock medical support. It also offers ambulance services and budget-friendly care to ensure accessible and high-quality treatment.