RHD (Rheumatic Heart Disease)

Overview:
Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD) is a chronic condition in which the heart valves are permanently damaged due to rheumatic fever—a complication that arises when strep throat or scarlet fever caused by Streptococcus bacteria is left untreated or inadequately treated. RHD is more common among children and young adults and can result in narrowed or leaky heart valves, heart failure, arrhythmias, and other serious complications.

Causes:
The root cause of RHD is untreated or repeated streptococcal throat infections. When the body’s immune system reacts to the infection, it can mistakenly attack the heart tissues, especially the valves, leading to inflammation, scarring, and long-term valve damage. Frequent strep throat infections increase the risk of developing this disease.

Symptoms:
Symptoms of RHD vary depending on the severity of valve damage but may include:

• 1. Shortness of breath, especially during exertion or while lying down
• 2. Fatigue and weakness
• 3. Chest pain or palpitations
• 4. Swelling in the feet, ankles, or abdomen
• 5. Irregular heartbeats (arrhythmias)
• 6. In advanced stages, complications such as heart failure or stroke from blood clots may occur

Treatment:

Treatment aims to control symptoms, prevent further valve damage, and reduce the risk of complications. This may include:

• 1. Antibiotics to treat and prevent recurring strep infections
• 2. Anti-inflammatory medications (such as aspirin or corticosteroids) during acute rheumatic fever episodes
• 3. Heart medications to manage arrhythmias or heart failure symptoms
• 4. Surgery or valve replacement in severe cases where heart valve damage significantly affects blood flow

Precautions:
Patients with a history of rheumatic fever require lifelong monitoring of heart health. Preventive (prophylactic) antibiotics may be prescribed to avoid future strep infections. Good hygiene practices, avoiding close contact with infected individuals, and prompt treatment of sore throats and fevers are essential to reduce risks.

Prevention:
The most effective way to prevent RHD is to treat strep throat early with appropriate antibiotics. Public health measures such as improved sanitation, awareness, and early medical care for sore throats are vital in lowering its incidence.

Expert Care in Lucknow:
For advanced diagnosis and treatment of Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD), visit Medlife Research & Trauma Center. We provide specialized heart care, including modern diagnostic tools, surgical options, 24/7 doctor support, ambulance facilities, budget-friendly care packages.