Pneumonia

Overview:
Pneumonia is a serious lung infection that causes inflammation in the air sacs (alveoli) of one or both lungs. These air sacs may fill with fluid or pus, making it difficult to breathe and get enough oxygen. It can be triggered by bacteria, viruses, fungi, or even by inhaling food or liquid into the lungs. Pneumonia can range from mild to life-threatening, with the risk of severe illness being higher in infants, older adults, and people with weakened immunity or chronic health conditions.

Causes:

• 1. Bacterial pneumonia – The most common cause is Streptococcus pneumoniae.
• 2. Viral pneumonia – Often linked to influenza, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), or COVID-19.
• 3. Fungal pneumonia – More likely in individuals with weakened immune systems.
• 4. Aspiration pneumonia – Caused by inhaling food, drink, or vomit into the lungs.

Symptoms:
Pneumonia symptoms vary from mild to severe and may include:

• 1. Persistent cough (with or without mucus)
• 2. Fever, chills, and sweating
• 3. Shortness of breath or rapid breathing
• 4. Chest pain or tightness while breathing or coughing
• 5. Fatigue and weakness
• 6. Confusion (especially in older adults)

Unlike common colds or flu, pneumonia usually causes more severe breathing problems and requires medical attention.

Treatment:
The treatment plan depends on the underlying cause:

• 1. Bacterial pneumonia – Treated with antibiotics.
• 2. Viral pneumonia – Managed with antiviral medications (if appropriate) and supportive care.
• 3. General care – Includes rest, fluids, fever-reducing medicines, and in more serious cases, oxygen therapy.
• 4. Severe pneumonia – May require hospitalization, intravenous medications, or mechanical ventilation for breathing support.

Precautions:

• 1. Get vaccinated against pneumococcal bacteria and seasonal flu.
• 2. Quit smoking, as it weakens the lungs.
• 3. Maintain good hygiene practices such as frequent handwashing.
• 4. People with chronic illnesses or low immunity should take extra care to avoid exposure to respiratory infections.

Prevention:
Simple lifestyle and health measures can significantly reduce pneumonia risk:

• 1. Timely vaccinations (pneumococcal, flu, COVID-19)
• 2. Avoiding tobacco smoke and polluted environments
• 3. Practicing regular exercise and eating a nutritious diet to strengthen immunity
• 4. Managing long-term conditions like diabetes, asthma, or COPD properly

Expert Care in Lucknow:
For advanced treatment of Pneumonia, visit Medlife Research & Trauma Center. We provide specialized respiratory care with state-of-the-art diagnostic services, 24/7 medical support, emergency ambulance availability, affordable treatment packages.