Bronchitis

Overview:
Bronchitis is the inflammation of the bronchial tubes—the air passages that carry oxygen to and from the lungs. It is most often triggered by viral infections such as the common cold or flu but can also result from exposure to irritants like cigarette smoke, dust, or air pollution. There are two main types: acute bronchitis, which lasts for a few weeks, and chronic bronchitis, a long-term condition commonly linked to smoking and persistent airway irritation.

Causes:

• 1. Acute bronchitis is usually caused by viral infections that develop after a cold or flu. In some cases, bacteria may be responsible. Environmental factors such as dust, fumes, and air pollutants can also contribute.
• 2. Chronic bronchitis is most commonly associated with long-term smoking. Prolonged exposure to irritants such as chemical fumes, air pollution, or secondhand smoke can also damage the bronchial tubes and lead to chronic disease.

Symptoms:
Typical symptoms of bronchitis include:

• 1. Persistent cough (with or without mucus)
• 2. Wheezing or whistling sound while breathing
• 3. Shortness of breath
• 4. Chest tightness or discomfort
• 5. Fatigue and low energy

Acute bronchitis symptoms generally improve within 1–3 weeks, while chronic bronchitis is diagnosed when a productive cough (with mucus) persists for at least three months in two consecutive years.

Treatment:
Treatment depends on the type and severity of bronchitis:

• 1. Acute bronchitis: Rest, hydration, and over-the-counter medications such as cough suppressants, fever reducers, or pain relievers are usually effective. Antibiotics may be prescribed only if a bacterial infection is suspected.
• 2. Chronic bronchitis: Requires long-term management, which may include bronchodilators, inhaled corticosteroids, oxygen therapy, pulmonary rehabilitation, and, most importantly, quitting smoking.

Precautions:
Patients with bronchitis should:

• 1. Avoid smoking and secondhand smoke
• 2. Limit exposure to dust, fumes, and pollutants
• 3. Stay hydrated and rest adequately
• 4. Use a humidifier to ease breathing
• 5. Seek medical advice if symptoms worsen, persist, or resemble conditions like asthma or pneumonia

Prevention:
Preventing bronchitis involves:

• 1. Practicing good hand hygiene to reduce viral infections
• 2. Getting flu and pneumonia vaccinations as recommended
• 3. Avoiding smoking and polluted environments
• 4. Strengthening the immune system through a healthy lifestyle, diet, and regular exercise

Expert Care in Lucknow:
For specialized treatment of Bronchitis, visit Medlife Research & Trauma Center. We offer complete respiratory care, including advanced diagnostic facilities, round-the-clock doctor availability, emergency ambulance support, affordable care plans.