Pyelonephritis

Overview:
Pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection of the kidneys that leads to inflammation and swelling. It is a serious form of urinary tract infection (UTI) affecting the upper urinary system and, if left untreated, can cause permanent kidney damage or life-threatening complications. The infection typically occurs when bacteria ascend from the bladder or, less commonly, spread through the bloodstream. Prompt medical attention is essential to prevent further complications.

Causes:
The most common cause of pyelonephritis is bacterial infection, primarily by Escherichia coli (E. coli). Risk factors include:

• 1. Urinary tract obstructions, such as kidney stones or an enlarged prostate
• 2. A weakened immune system
• 3. Poor personal hygiene
• 4. Female anatomy, which makes women more susceptible due to a shorter urethra

Symptoms:
Symptoms of pyelonephritis may include:

• 1. Fever and chills
• 2. Flank or lower back pain
• 3. Frequent or painful urination
• 4. Nausea and vomiting
• 5. Cloudy, foul-smelling, or blood-tinged urine
• 6. Severe infections can progress to sepsis, a critical condition where the infection spreads through the bloodstream.

Treatment:

Pyelonephritis is treated primarily with antibiotics, tailored to the type of bacteria and its sensitivity. In severe cases, hospitalization may be required for:

• 1. Intravenous (IV) antibiotics
• 2. Hydration therapy
• 3. Pain management and supportive care
• 4. Early treatment is crucial to prevent kidney damage and reduce the risk of recurrent infections.

Precautions:

• 1. Complete the entire course of prescribed antibiotics, even if symptoms improve
• 2. Stay well-hydrated and avoid delaying urination
• 3. Individuals with repeated infections should undergo evaluation for urinary tract abnormalities or underlying health issues

Prevention:

• 1. Maintain good personal hygiene
• 2. Drink adequate water to flush the urinary system
• 3. Urinate after sexual activity
• 4. Avoid irritating feminine hygiene products
• 5. Manage chronic conditions like diabetes and kidney stones to reduce infection risk

Expert Care in Lucknow:
For specialized treatment of pyelonephritis, visit Medlife Research & Trauma Center. We provide advanced diagnostic facilities, effective antibiotic therapy, hydration support, and continuous follow-up to ensure full recovery and prevent recurrent kidney infections.